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5 Common Flat Roof Materials Used On Commercial Roofs

Flat roofs have become a popular choice among commercial property owners due to their modern aesthetic and functional benefits. However, choosing the right flat roof materials can be challenging given the variety of options available, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages.

This guide aims to provide property managers with detailed insights into:

  • Different types of flat roof materials
  • Cost and durability comparisons
  • Tips on selecting and maintaining the best flat roof for your properties

5 Types of Flat Roof Materials

BUR roofing

Before calling up your roofing contractor, it’s a good idea to consider the roofing material that you want to use. Not sure where to start? We’ve broken down the most popular flat roof systems.

1. Built-Up Roofing (BUR)

Built-Up Roofing (BUR) consists of multiple layers of bitumen (asphalt), ply sheets, and an aggregate top layer. It’s one of the oldest flat roofing systems available.

✅ Pros

  • Durability: Capable of lasting 20-30 years with proper maintenance
  • Waterproof: Multiple layers provide excellent waterproofing
  • UV Protection: Reflective coatings can be added to improve UV resistance

❌ Cons

  • Weight: Heavy and may require structural reinforcement
  • Installation Time: Labor-intensive and time-consuming installation process

2. Modified Bitumen

Modified Bitumen is an evolution of BUR, consisting of asphalt with added polymers for increased flexibility and strength. It’s typically applied in rolls and can be torch-applied, cold-applied, or self-adhered.

✅ Pros

  • Flexibility: More resistant to cracking compared to traditional BUR
  • Ease of Installation: Faster and less labor-intensive installation
  • Cost: Generally more affordable than BUR

❌ Cons

  • Lifespan: Typically lasts around 10-20 years
  • Temperature Sensitivity: Performance can be affected by temperature fluctuations

3. EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer)

EPDM is a synthetic rubber membrane that has been used for flat roofs for decades. It can be installed with adhesives, mechanical fasteners, or ballasted with stones.

✅ Pros

  • Durability: Lifespan of 20-30 years or more
  • Ease of Repair: Simple to patch and maintain
  • Cost: Affordable initial cost

❌ Cons

  • Aesthetics: Typically available in black, which can absorb heat
  • Puncture Risk: Can be vulnerable to punctures from debris

4. TPO (Thermoplastic Olefin)

TPO is a single-ply roofing membrane made from a blend of polypropylene and ethylene-propylene rubber. It’s typically white and reflective.

✅ Pros

  • Energy Efficiency: High reflectivity reduces cooling costs
  • Durability: Resistant to punctures, tears, and chemical exposure
  • Ease of Installation: Lightweight and easier to install than BUR

❌ Cons

  • Longevity: Lifespan of around 15-20 years
  • Cost: Slightly higher initial cost compared to EPDM

5. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

PVC roofing involves a single-ply membrane made from polyvinyl chloride, often reinforced with polyester or fiberglass for added strength.

✅ Pros

  • Durability: Can last 20-30 years or more
  • Fire Resistance: Excellent fire-retardant properties
  • Chemical Resistance: Resistant to various chemicals and pollutants

❌ Cons

  • Cost: Higher initial cost compared to other single-ply membranes
  • Environmental Impact: Production and disposal can be less eco-friendly

Cost Comparison of Flat Roof Materials

large flat roof

When evaluating the cost of different flat roof materials, consider both the initial installation cost and the long-term maintenance expenses. Below is an average cost breakdown:

  • BUR: $5 – $10 per square foot
  • Modified Bitumen: $4 – $8 per square foot
  • EPDM: $4 – $8 per square foot
  • TPO: $5 – $9 per square foot
  • PVC: $6 – $11 per square foot

Note that these costs can vary based on factors such as location, roof size, and complexity of the installation.

Durability Comparison of Flat Roof Materials

Built-Up Roofing (BUR)

  • Lifespan: 20-30 years
  • Strengths: Multi-layer construction offers excellent waterproofing and UV protection.
  • Weaknesses: Heavy weight can stress the building structure.

Modified Bitumen

  • Lifespan: 10-20 years
  • Strengths: Enhanced flexibility and ease of installation.
  • Weaknesses: Limited lifespan compared to other materials.

EPDM

  • Lifespan: 20-30 years or more
  • Strengths: Highly durable and easy to repair.
  • Weaknesses: Susceptible to punctures from sharp objects.

TPO

  • Lifespan: 15-20 years
  • Strengths: Energy-efficient and resistant to various environmental factors.
  • Weaknesses: Slightly shorter lifespan compared to EPDM.

PVC

  • Lifespan: 20-30 years or more
  • Strengths: Superior fire and chemical resistance.
  • Weaknesses: Higher initial cost and environmental concerns.

How to Choose the Right Flat Roof Material for You

Selecting the best flat roof material for your property involves considering several factors:

🌤️ Climate

  • Hot Climates: Reflective materials like TPO and PVC can help reduce cooling costs.
  • Cold Climates: Materials like EPDM, which perform well in fluctuating temperatures, are ideal.

💰 Budget

  • Initial Cost: Consider the upfront cost of materials and installation.
  • Long-Term Costs: Factor in maintenance, repairs, and potential energy savings.

🏢 Building Structure

  • Weight Capacity: Ensure the building can support the weight of the chosen material, especially for heavier options like BUR.
  • Roof Slope: Some materials perform better on specific roof slopes.

✨ Aesthetic Preferences

  • Color Options: Choose materials that fit the visual style of your property.
  • Texture and Finish: Consider the overall look you want to achieve.

🌳 Environmental Impact

  • Sustainability: Look for materials with lower environmental footprints, such as those made from recycled content.
  • Energy Efficiency: Reflective materials can contribute to sustainability goals.

How to Take Care of Your Flat Roof

rolled flat roof

Proper maintenance is crucial to extending the life of your flat roof and ensuring optimal performance. Here are some essential tips:

Regular Inspections

  • Frequency: Conduct inspections at least twice a year, and after major weather events.
  • What to Look For: Check for signs of damage, standing water, and debris buildup.

Prompt Repairs

  • Address Issues Quickly: Fix minor issues promptly to prevent them from becoming major problems.
  • Hire Professionals: Always seek professional help for significant repairs to ensure they are done correctly.

Cleaning

  • Remove Debris: Keep the roof free of leaves, branches, and other debris that can trap water and cause damage.
  • Clean Drains: Ensure drains and gutters are clear to prevent water accumulation.

Waterproofing

  • Reapply Coatings: Reapply waterproof coatings as needed to maintain the roof’s protective barrier.
  • Check Seals: Inspect and replace worn or damaged seals around roof penetrations.

Preventive Measures

  • Install Protective Measures: Consider installing guardrails or walkways to protect the roof from foot traffic.
  • Snow Removal: In snowy climates, remove excess snow to prevent weight-related damage.

We’ll Install Your Flat Roofing Material

Choosing the right flat roof material is vital to ensuring the longevity and performance of your property’s roof. Implementing regular maintenance and prompt repairs will help to extend the life of your flat roof, protecting your investment for years to come.

Ready to upgrade your flat roof? Contact McCormick Renovations today to discuss your options and get started on your project.

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